Becoming a russian citizen

Foreign nationals can apply for a Temporary Residence Permit (TRP) in order to live in Russia. In certain cases, applicants may obtain a TRP regardless of the annual quota. This applies to spouses of Russian citizens and participants in the State Compatriots Resettlement Program, for example. Additionally, the Shared Values Visa, introduced in August 2024, allows citizens of the selected countries to skip the quota and language test.

A TRP is usually valid for three years and cannot be renewed.

After residing in Russia for one year with a TRP, individuals may apply for a Permanent Residence Permit (PRP). Some categories of applicants — such as highly-skilled professionals or family members originating from Russia — may apply for a PRP directly, without needing a TRP.

Foreign investors may qualify for the Russian Golden Visa, which grants the investor and their eligible family members (including spouses, children and parents) a permanent residence permit.

A Permanent Residence Permit is issued without a fixed expiration date, but holders are required to reside in Russia for more than half of each calendar year.

In order to apply for Russian citizenship, applicants must generally have resided in Russia for at least five years with a PRP. They must also demonstrate proficiency in the Russian language, provide proof of lawful income and commit to observing the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Individuals who have been married to Russian citizens for at least three years or who have Russian parents may benefit from a simplified or accelerated procedure, reduced residency requirements or waiving other conditions.

If the application is successful, the applicant must take an oath of allegiance to the Russian Federation. Failure to take the oath within the prescribed timeframe may result in the cancellation of the citizenship decision.